An Aimsir Gnathláíthreach is the present tense in Irish. There are three other tenses at Junior Certificate level.
Verbs are broken into Briathra Rialta and Briathra Neamhrialta (Regular and Irregular verbs.) The Regular Verbs' rules are below and you'll find The Irregular Verbs in 'Na Briathra Neamhrialta - Irregular Verbs'. Every tense has two branches - An Chéad Réimniú and An Dara Réimniú (The First Branch and The Second Branch.) Within those branches, the
verbs are broken down even future into Caol agus Leathan (Slender and Broad.) Each of these have different endings!
An Chéad Réimniu - Na Rialacha!!
Verbs are broken into Briathra Rialta and Briathra Neamhrialta (Regular and Irregular verbs.) The Regular Verbs' rules are below and you'll find The Irregular Verbs in 'Na Briathra Neamhrialta - Irregular Verbs'. Every tense has two branches - An Chéad Réimniú and An Dara Réimniú (The First Branch and The Second Branch.) Within those branches, the
verbs are broken down even future into Caol agus Leathan (Slender and Broad.) Each of these have different endings!
An Chéad Réimniu - Na Rialacha!!
- For the we part (sinn) use aimid/ imid.
For the negative use 'Ní' and add a 'h'.
For the question form, Use 'An' and add an urú.
For the Saorbhriathar, use tar/ tear. - There isn't a change in the verbs beginning with 'F', they follow the leathan/caol verbs.
- Use the correct endings.
Leathan Broad verbs last vowel is a , o and u. Using the rules above, you can conjugate broad verbs in the first branch. E.g Mol Molaim Molann tú Molann sé Molann sí Molaimid Molann sibh Molann siad Ní mholaim An molann tú Moltar | Caol Slender verbs last vowel is i and e. Using the rules above, you can conjugate slender verbs in the first branch. E.g. Cuir Cuirim Cuireann tú Cuireann sé Cuireann sí Cuirimid Cuireann sibh Cuireann siad Ní chuirim An gcuireann tú? Cuirtear | Vowels Verbs that begin with a , o , u , i , e. Using the rules above, you can conjugate verbs that begin with a vowel. E.g. Ól Ólaim Ólann tu Ólann sé Ólann sí Ólaimid Ólann sibh Ólann siad Ní ólaim An ólann tu? Óltar |
An Dara Réimhiú - Na Rialacha!!
Remove the second syllable. This is normally the aigh / igh. There are other verbs too, you can find them under the endings below.
Remove the second syllable. This is normally the aigh / igh. There are other verbs too, you can find them under the endings below.
Leathan Remove the aigh. Add the endings (they are underlined below). E.g. Ceannaigh Ceannaím Ceannaíonn tú Ceannaíonn sé Ceannaíonn sí Ceannaímid Ceannaíonn sibh Ceannaíonn siad Ní cheannaím An gceannaíonn tú Ceannaítear | Caol Remove the igh. Add the endings (they are underlined below). E.g. Bailigh Bailím Bailíonn tú Bailíonn sé Bailíonn sí Bailímid Bailíonn sibh Bailíonn siad Ní bhailím An mbailíonn tu? Bailítear |
Exceptions to the rule!
Suigh (to sit) Cráigh (to torment) Nigh (to wash) Léigh (to read) Guigh (to pray) Luaigh (to mention) Glaoigh (to call) Pléigh (to discuss) Buaigh (to win) Sábháil (to save) Taispeáín (to show) Cniotáíl (to knit) Úsáíd (to dive) Tiomáín (to drive) Codail (to sleep) Iompair (to carry) Ceangail (to tie) Fógair (to announce) Taitin (to enjoy) Múscail (to evoke) Oscail (to open) Imir (to play) Inis (to tell) Bagair (to threaten) Eitil (to fly) Freagair (to answer) Labhair (to speak) Foghlaim (to learn) | These are one syllable verbs but in 'igh'. E.g. Buaigh Buaim Buann tú / sé / sí / sibh / siad Buaimid These are 2 syllable verbs but are treated like they have 1 syllable. E.g. Tiomáin Tiomáinim Tiomáineann tú / sé / sí / sibh / siad Tiomáinimid These are 2 syllable verbs but don't end in aigh / igh. (Remove the last vowels in the 2nd syllable and add the endings). E.g. Inis Insím Insíonn tú / sé / sí / sibh / siad Insímid Nothing is crossed off. Foghlaimím Foghlaimíonn tú / sé / sí / sibh / sibh Foghlaimímid |